Leaving this for future reference in case anyone else stumbles upon this cryptic issue. Had this same issue on a standard T-Mobile cell number and a new PayPal account a night after opening it; wasn't able to get into my account at all. The web client gave me this error for both SMS and phone call verification (the only two options which were available) while the iOS app first left me in a loading loop until I reinstalled the app entirely, which then caused it to instantly prompt to call support. Password resets went through, but didn't bypass the verification and the Twitter support rep referred me to calling support as well. The only solution I found was to do just that; seems like the rep had to override verification on their end after I was able to prove that I could get verification codes through the problematic number (let alone calling them from it) just fine. Strange stuff.
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